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Collaborative for Maternal & Infant Health

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Outpatient Bundle for Severe Hypertension

Outpatient Bundle for Severe Hypertension

Perinatal Region IV Support Network
  • This page is currently being updated to better serve you. Please check back soon for new content and improvements.
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About the Bundle
The national maternal safety bundles have primarily been focused on the inpatient setting. Recognizing the need to extend these protections beyond the hospital, this work has been adapted as the “Outpatient Severe Hypertension Bundle”.

About This Tool
We have studied this tool extensively and have adapted it across several contexts to best meet the needs of our users.

How to Use This Website
This website provides resources and guidance to support maternal safety practices. Here you will find evidence-based bundles, educational materials, and implementation tools to help improve outcomes. Below you will find that we have adapted these materials in a Clinical Practice Bulletin for the outpatient setting:

Readiness

Having the systems, protocols, and teams in place before a crisis occurs. Every outpatient care setting should establish the foundational processes below.

How to use this section

  • Review the readiness checklist to assess your current outpatient setting
  • Identify gaps in protocols, medications, team training, or referral pathways
  • Download and adapt resources to fit your care setting
  • Engage your team and leadership to implement and sustain changes

What is readiness?

  • Develop processes for management of severe hypertension
  • Ensure rapid access to medication
  • Conduct interprofessional team-based drills with timely debriefs
  • Build referral resources and communication pathways
  • Develop trauma-informed protocols to advance equitable care

What you will find in this section

Resources and materials designed by our team to support readiness implementation.

  • clipboardProtocols & algorithms
  • Education materials
  • Implementation tools
  • Drill resources
We have created this one pager to assist with the communication with patients on how to monitor their blood pressure, to know their numbers and when to call. Spanish version can be viewed by clicking here.
Order Free Copies from DPH
  • ACOG Practice Bulletin 2020 Gestation and Hypertension
  • CMQCC Preeclampsia Early Recognition Tool
  • PMH Management of Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy
  • ACOG Hypertension Bundle (see slide 29)
  • Outpatient Severe Hypertension Evaluation and Management
  • Clinic Front Desk Flow Chart
  • CDC Hear Her Warning Signs Poster (Multiple Languages)
  • AIM Patient Safety Bundles
  • SMI Oral Nifedipine Algorithm
  • Team Review and Debriefing Form

Recognition & Prevention

Identifying severe hypertension early and ensuring every patient has the knowledge and tools to recognize warning signs — before a crisis occurs. 

How to use this section

  • Review blood pressure measurement protocols for your outpatient setting
  • Identify gaps in patient education materials and language accessibility
  • Download and adapt resources to fit your patient population
  • Engage your team in ongoing training on recognition and early intervention

What is recognition & prevention?

  • Ensure accurate measurement blood pressure measurement for every pregnant and postpartum patient
  • Encourage home blood pressure monitoring and validation
  • Ensure resources align with patient health literacy, cultural needs, and language proficiency
  • Educate patients on early warning signs of severe hypertension/preeclampsia and when to go to the hospital
  • Provide ongoing education to all health care team members on the recognition of signs, symptoms, and treatment of hypertension.

Resources and materials designed by our team to support recognition and prevention in your outpatient setting.

  • Clinical Guidelines
  • Monitoring Tools
  • Patient education
  • Provider Training
  • Checking Your Blood Pressure at Home and What to do with your Blood Pressure Numbers English, Spanish Version
  • CDC HEARHer for Partners, Friends and Family of Pregnant or Postpartum Women
  • Blood Pressure Log for Patients
  • The Maternal Early Warning Criteria
  • AIM Maternal Early Warning Criteria (coming soon)
  • CMQCC Preeclampsia Early Recognition Tool

Response

Every case of severe hypertension should be managed using a standardized protocol — ensuring consistent, timely, and patient-centered care at every encounter.

How to use this section:

  • Review the standarized response protocol and adapt it for your care setting
  • Ensure all team members understand BP thresholds and escalation steps
  • Confirm medication availability and transport pathways are in place
  • Incorporate patient-centered care, respectful care principles into every response

What is Response?

  • A standardized response to maternal early warning signs
  • Investigation of patient-reported and observed symptoms
  • Minimum requirements for protocol:
  • Notification of provider if systolic BP =/> 160 and/or diastolic BP =/> 110 (severe ranges)
  • Retake severe-range BP in 15 minutes  
  • After the second severe range BP, expedited treatment with oral Nifedipine IR (10 mg) should be initiated, if available 
  • Patient discussion of escalation to inpatient setting 
  • Site specific maternal transport to inpatient setting 

Every encounter should be led with patient-centered, respectful care in mind  


What you will find in this section:

Resources and materials designed by our team to support standardized response in your outpatient setting.

  • Response protocols
  • Clinical algorithms
  • Treatment guidelines
  • Transfer resources
  • Outpatient Severe Hypertension Evaluation and Management
  • Treatment of Severe Range Blood Pressure Algorithm
  • ACOG Maternal Safety Bundle for Severe Hypertension in Pregnancy (See slide 29)
  • OB Hypertensive Emergency Nifedipine Task Checklist
  • ACOG Article: Postpartum preeclampsia or eclampsia: defining its place and management among the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
  • Case Study: Preeclampsia with Severe Features in the Outpatient Setting
  • O-HTN-BP-1-Scenario-1
  • O-HTN-Support-Person-Scenario-1

Reporting & Systems Learning

Every Clinic should build a culture of continuous learning- reviewing cases, identifying systems issues, and monitoring outcomes to drive equitable ongoing improvement.

How to use this section:  

  • Download debrief forms and use them after every severe hypertension case
  • Convene your multidisciplinary team for regular case reviews and huddles
  • Track outcomes and process metrics
  • Use findings to drive action planning

What is reporting & systems learning?

  • Establish a culture of multidisciplinary planning, huddles, and post-event debriefs for every case with severe hypertension/preeclampsia (include the patient and support person when feasible) to identify successes, opportunities for improvement, and action planning for future events.
  • Perform multidisciplinary review of all severe hypertension/pre-eclampsia cases to identify systems issues. 
  • Monitor outcomes and process metrics related to severe hypertension disaggregated by race and ethnicity.

What you will find in this section:

Resources and materials designed by our team to support reporting and systems learning in your outpatient setting.

  • Debrief forms
  • Outcome metrics
  • Team huddle guide
  • Case review tools
  • Outpatient Hypertension Debrief Form
  • Preeclampsia with Severe Features Debrief Form
  • Activation of Severe Hypertension Algorithm Debrief Form

Respectful & Supportive Care

Every team member and every clinic should center patients and their support networks in care — building trust, reducing barriers, and ensuring equitable, informed decision-making at every encounter. 

How to use this section:

  • Review communication and shared decision making resources with your team
  • Assess patient education materials for health literacy and language accessibility
  • Complete implicit bias training and share with all team members
  • Use data to identify and implement strategies to reduce racial/ethnic disparities

What is respectful & supportive care?

  • Engage in open, transparent, and empathetic communication with pregnant and postpartum people and their identified support network to understand diagnoses, options, and treatment plans.
  • Include patients as part of the multidisciplinary care team to establish trust and ensure informed, shared decision-making that incorporates the pregnant and postpartum person’s values and goals.
  • Ensure all educational resources and printed materials are appropriate for the patient’s health literacy, cultural needs, and language proficiency.
  • Assess the patient and support network’s understanding of the urgency of timely treatment of severe hypertension and escalation of care.
  • Acknowledge patient’s concerns and assist with overcoming obstacles to going to the hospital (e.g., childcare, financial stress, past hospital-related trauma, etc.) and care plan (medication, appointments, antenatal testing).
  • Implement strategies to mitigate racial/ethnic disparities identified through data collected.

What you will find in this section:

Resources and materials designed by our team to support respectful and supportive care in your outpatient setting.

  • Communication guides
  • Cultural resources
  • Training
  • Patient support tools
  • Dartmouth Health: Decision-Making Help for patients and healthcare professionals
  • Implicit Bias Training
  • Maternal Health Learning Resource Center

Practice Bulletin References

Hypertension Practice Bulletin Resources References: 

  1. MSc JEM, Mph AVM, Pettker CM, Simhan AH. Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 222. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. 2020 Jun 6;135(6): e237–60. 
  2. Paul G. Schmitz TN. Hypertension, Clinical Updates in Women’s Health Care. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2016 
  3. AIM PATIENT SAFETY BUNDLES [Internet]. ALLIANCE FOR INNOVATION ON MATERNAL HEALTH. 2021. Available from: https://saferbirth.org/psbs/severe-hypertension-in-pregnancy/ 
  4. Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System [Internet]. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/reproductivehealth/maternal-mortality/pregnancy-mortality-surveillance-system.htm
  5. Howell E et al. Reduction of Peripartum Racial and Ethnic Disparities: A Conceptual Framework and Maternal Safety Consensus Bundle. Journal of Midwifery & Women’s Health. 2019 May;63(3):353. 
  6. HEAR HER Campaign [Internet]. CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2022. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hearher/index.html 
  7. California Collaborative on District Reform. Available from: https://cacollaborative.org/ 

We aim to improve the health and well-being of women and families across North Carolina and the U.S.

Collaborative for Maternal and Infant Health

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Campus Box 7181
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7181
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